What key structures are evaluated during a fetal echocardiogram?

During a fetal echocardiogram, the evaluation focuses on comprehensive assessment of the heart's structure and function to ensure proper development. Key structures assessed include the four chambers of the heart—right and left atria and ventricles—along with the outflow tracts, which consist of the pulmonary artery and aorta, and the great vessels, including the superior and inferior vena cavae. This thorough examination helps identify potential congenital heart defects or anomalies early in fetal development.

Assessing only specific structures, such as the left ventricle and aorta, would not provide a complete picture of the heart’s anatomy and function. Similarly, focusing solely on coronary arteries and valves or on elements like the atrial septum and vena cavae would leave critical aspects of the heart’s development unassessed. The comprehensive approach—addressing all heart chambers, outflow tracts, and major vessels—is essential for an accurate diagnosis during prenatal evaluations.