What is the term for the nonbacterial endocarditis associated with systemic lupus?

Libman-Sacks endocarditis refers specifically to the nonbacterial endocarditis that occurs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by the presence of sterile vegetations on heart valves, particularly the mitral and aortic valves. These vegetations are typically composed of fibrin and immune complexes rather than bacteria.

This condition is significant because it highlights the autoimmune nature of SLE, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, leading to the development of these vegetations. Unlike bacterial endocarditis, which is caused by infectious agents, Libman-Sacks endocarditis is a result of the underlying autoimmune pathology associated with lupus. Recognizing this condition is crucial for preventing misdiagnosis and ensuring appropriate management in patients with SLE.