How is restricted diastolic filling indicated on an echocardiogram?

Restricted diastolic filling is characterized by impaired relaxation of the ventricle and is associated with changes in the mitral inflow patterns observed on echocardiogram. The correct choice describes this situation accurately.

In patients with restricted filling, the E wave, which represents early diastolic filling, is typically shorter due to the rapid decline in left ventricular compliance and filling capacity. This is often accompanied by an increase in the A wave velocity, representing atrial contraction, as the left atrium compensates for reduced filling through increased pressure and volume. The dynamics of the E and A wave reflect the diastolic function of the heart, providing insights into the pressure and volume status.

This option aligns with the understanding of diastolic dysfunction, where the impaired myocardial relaxation leads to these specific echocardiographic findings. Therefore, recognizing the changes in E wave duration and A wave velocity is crucial for identifying restricted diastolic filling on an echocardiogram.